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Docker Image OS names. What is the difference between Alpine, Jessie, Stretch, and Buster?

Docker Image OS names. What is the difference between Alpine, Jessie, Stretch, and Buster?

 
  1. Alpine
      2. Url: https://alpinelinux.org/
      Imagename: alpine
      Shorty: Its very small.
      Packagemanger: apk
      Shells: /bin/sh
      Size: Few MBs - current tag needs 2.7MB
  1. Jessie aka Debian 8
      2. Url: https://wiki.debian.org/DebianJessie
      Imagename: debian:jessie
      Shorty: No LTS anymore
      Packagemanager: apt
      Shells: /bin/bash
      Size: ~50mb
  1. Stretch aka Debian 9
      2. Url: https://wiki.debian.org/DebianStretch
      Imagename: debian:stretch
      Shorty: LTS is running out
      Packagemanager: apt
      Shells: /bin/bash and many more
      Size: ~40mb
  1. Buster aka Debian 10
      2. Url: https://wiki.debian.org/DebianBuster
      Imagename: debian:buster
      Shorty: All what you need, but newer
      Packagemanager: apt
      Shells: /bin/bash and many more
      Size: ~50mb
  1. Bullseye aka Debian 11
      2. Url: https://wiki.debian.org/DebianBullseye
      Imagename: debian:bullseye
      Shorty: All what you need, but newer
      Shells: /bin/bash and many more
      Size: ~50mb
  1. Bookworm aka Debian 12
      2. Url: https://wiki.debian.org/DebianBookworm
      Imagename: debian:bookworm
      Shorty: Newest debian
      Shells: /bin/bash and many more
      Size: ~50mb
  1. Ubuntu based on debian
      2. Url: https://hub.docker.com/_/ubuntu
      Imagename: ubuntu
      Shorty: All what you need
      Packagemanager: apt
      Shells: /bin/bash and more
      Size: ~25mb